Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. With advancements in treatment, the survival rates for many cancers has improved, however, it is recognised that effective cancer care involves not only medical treatment but also behavioural change. Behavioural changes can positively influence the efficacy and effectiveness of treatments, reduce cancer recurrence, improve quality of life and enhance psychological well -being. The Role of Behaviour Change in Cancer Outcomes Behavioural factors such as smoking, diet physical activity and stress management all play a crucial role in both the progression and development of cancer. Lifestyle changes during and after treatment can improve outcomes, prevent recurrence and promote overall well being. 1) Smoking Cessation One of the most significant behaviour changes that can influence cancer outcomes is smoking cessation. Tobacco use is responsible for around 22% of cancer deaths globally, including the lung, throat, bladder and pancreas (WHO, 2021). Continued smoking after cancer diagnosis can adversely affect treatment efficacy and increase the risk of secondary cancers. Cessation has been shown to improve survival rates, regardless of cancer type. 2) Physical Activity Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrence in several types of cancer, including breast, colorectal and prostate cancers (Courneya et al, 2019). Regular exercise also helps mitigate the side effects of cancer treatment, such as fatigue, pain and depression. Throughout my own journey, I continued to exercise even when I felt I didn’t want to – purely as the evidence was there to suggest the many benefits. The American Cancer Society (2020) recommends that cancer patients and survivors aim for around 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise, or 75 minutes of rigorous intensity exercise weekly. 3) Dietary Changes Dietary changes can significantly influence cancer outcomes. Studies have shown that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins can reduce inflammation, improve immune function and support healing (Rock et al, 2020). On the other hand, excessive consumption of processed foods, red meats and sugary drinks is associated with cancer recurrence and poorer treatment outcomes. 4) Stress Management Cancer diagnosis and treatment can trigger significant psychological distress. Chronis stress can impair the immune system and potentially influence cancer development and progression. Stress management strategies, including mindfulness, relaxation techniques, and psychological counselling, have been shown to improve quality of life and treatment adherence (Carlson et al, 2019).  5) Sleep Hygiene Cancer treatments can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to insomnia, fatigue and decreased quality of life. Disturbed sleep can then have a knock on effect in several areas, for example, regarding nutritional intake, many studies have demonstrated that poor sleep negatively affects sugar and calorie control. This in turn can impact weight and obesity levels, which increases cancer risk and recurrence. Behavioural interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have been shown to effective in improving sleep among cancer patients (Garland et al., 2018). The role of behaviour change in the cancer journey can never be overstated. Even post diagnosis, there is still a very clear evidence base to support positive behaviour change – it truly is NEVER too late! Stay connected for more insights on health and wellness, and feel free to share your thoughts and experiences with us at M.A.S.K. Together, we can inspire and support each other on our journeys to better health. Speak soon, Vanessa x CLICK HERE TO HEAR WHAT OUR AWESOME CLIENTS SAY ABOUT OUR PROGRAMMES! Reply “In Summer 24” or scan the QR Code and enter your email address to start your journey NOW! |
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